Edge Rewrite
everything Source code View original
// HTMLRewriter · presentation

This page was redesigned at the edge.

Cloudflare fetched the original article and streamed it through HTMLRewriter to apply an entirely new visual system without rebuilding the source page.

// request.cf · coarse context

A page that knows where it met you.

Only coarse request metadata is shown. This demo does not display or persist visitor IP addresses.

Country
US
Cloudflare location
CMH
Connection
HTTP/2
Language
Not provided

Ray ID: a416f10808d97089

Jump to content

Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster

Coordinates: Sky map 12h 48m 49.3s, −41° 18′ 40″
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Centaurus Supercluster)
Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster
Distribution of galaxies showing the elements of the Virgo and Hydra–Centaurus Superclusters (assumed as a single structure) on the left
Observation data (Epoch J2000)
Right ascension13h 14m 00.0s[1]
Declination−33° 18′ 00″[1]
Parent structureVirgo–Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster,[2] Centaurus Wall,[3] Laniakea Supercluster[4]
Redshift0.016000 (4,797 km/s)[5]
Distance~39–69.4 Mpc (127–226 Mly)[6][5]
Other designations
Cen-Hya Supercluster, Hydra-Cen Supercluster, Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster, SCl 128[1]

The Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster (SCl 128),[6] or the Hydra and Centaurus Superclusters,[1] also known as Hydra–Centaurus concentration,[7][8] is a supercluster in two parts that is the closest neighbour of the Virgo Supercluster. Its center is located about 39 Mpc (127 Mly) away,[6] with it extending to a maximum distance of around 69 Mpc (225 Mly).[5]

Both Virgo and Hydra–Centaurus superclusters are connected and are sometimes considered a single structure, hence referred to as the Virgo–Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster (or sometimes simply the Centaurus Supercluster).[2][3][9] They may reside in a larger Centaurus Wall, which also would contain elements of the Southern Supercluster or Fornax Wall, such as the Fornax Cluster.[3] Based on a different definition of a supercluster, they would be smaller lobes of the even larger Laniakea Supercluster, which is a basin of attraction centered around the Great Attractor, as identified in 2014.[4]

Physical characteristics

[edit]
Two-dimensional map of the Centaurus Supercluster

The supercluster includes four large galaxy clusters in the Centaurus part, also known as the "4 clusters'' filament,[10] or ''4 clusters strand'':[11]

The filament which also includes the major cluster Abell S753 and exends up to around 260 Mly (80 Mpc) to reach the rich galaxy cluster Abell 3581.[10]

Antlia Wall

[edit]
Three-dimensional map of the Hydra Supercluster
Two-dimensional map of the Hydra Supercluster

The Antlia Wall,[10] also known as the Antlia Strand,[12][13][11] Hydra Wall,[14] Hydra-Antlia wall, Hydra-Antlia extension,[15] the Hydra-Antlia filament,[16] or the Hydra and Antila extensions,[3][17] is a filament that emerges from the Centaurus Cluster, passes under the Zone of Avoidance (ZOA) as the "Puppis filament",[12] to link up the Lepus Cloud.[10] This filament then passes through a region containing the NGC 1600 Group before crossing the boundary where the gravitional flows of galaxies between the Laniakea and Perseus–Pisces superclusters diverge[12] to link up with the Perseus–Pisces supercluster at a distance of around 420 Mly (130 Mpc) from the Centaurus Cluster.[13] The filament contains two major clusters:

In 2014, it was revealed that the Antlia Wall, along with the rest of the Hydra–Centaurus Supercluster, is connected to the Perseus–Pisces Supercluster.[18] Later in 2017, Pomarède et.al identified based on the flow of galaxies that the Antlia Wall along with the Lepus Cloud are part of a substantial filament known as the Centaurus–Puppis–PP Filament[12] that extends around 420 Mly (130 Mpc) from the Centaurus Cluster all the way to the Perseus–Pisces supercluster.[13] The Centaurus–Puppis–PP Filament along with the Southern Supercluster Strand[12] which contains the Eridanus-Fornax-Dorado Filament and the Telescopium−Grus Cloud,[10] are part of wall that makes up the front boundary of the Sculptor Void.

Before 2017, it was not known that the Antlia Wall and the Lepus Cloud were part of the same structure, the Centaurus–Puppis–PP Filament. This is because the Centaurus–Puppis–PP Filament goes under the ZOA of the Milky Way, which caused parts of the filament to be obscured by the disk of the galaxy on the sky, resulting in the naming of the different visible pieces of filament.[12]

Other clusters

[edit]

Apart from the central clusters, which are 150 to 200 million light years away, several smaller clusters belong to the group.

Within the proximity of this supercluster lies the Great Attractor, dominated by the Norma Cluster (Abell 3627). This massive cluster of galaxies exerts a large gravitational force, causing all matter within 50 Mpc to experience a bulk flow of 600 km/s toward the Norma Cluster.[19]

Laniakea

[edit]

A 2014 announcement says that the Centaurus Supercluster (Hydra–Centaurus) is just a lobe in a greater structure defined as a supercluster based on a different definition, Laniakea, which is a basin of attraction centered on the Great Attractor. That structure would also include the Virgo Supercluster, therefore including the Milky Way, where Earth resides.[4]

Follow-up studies still favored the traditional definition of superclusters as high-density regions such as Virgo and Hydra–Centaurus Superclusters, and proposed different terms for basins of attraction such as Laniakea.[20][21] However, there is still no community consensus on an agreed definition of the term supercluster.[22]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. 1 2 3 4 "scl 128". simbad.u-strasbg.fr. Retrieved 2023-09-03.
  2. 1 2 Aaronson, M.; Bothun, G. D.; Cornell, M. E.; Dawe, J. A.; Dickens, R. J.; Hall, P. J.; Sheng, Han Ming; Huchra, J. P.; Lucey, J. R.; Mould, J. R.; Murray, J. D.; Schommer, R. A.; Wright, A. E. (1989). "Large Peculiar Velocities in the Hydra-Centaurus Supercluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 338: 654. Bibcode:1989ApJ...338..654A. doi:10.1086/167225.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Fairall, A. P.; Paverd, W. R.; Ashley, R. P. (1994). "Visualization of Nearby Large-Scale Structures". Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 67. Harvard University: 21. Bibcode:1994ASPC...67...21F.
  4. 1 2 3 Tully, R. Brent; Courtois, Hélène; Hoffman, Yehuda; Pomarède, Daniel (Sep 2014). "The Laniakea supercluster of galaxies". Nature. 513 (7516): 71–73. arXiv:1409.0880. Bibcode:2014Natur.513...71T. doi:10.1038/nature13674. ISSN 1476-4687. PMID 25186900. S2CID 205240232.
  5. 1 2 3 "Your NED Search Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Retrieved 2024-06-23.
  6. 1 2 3 Einasto, M.; Einasto, J.; Tago, E.; Müller, V.; Andernach, H. (2001-11-01). "Optical and X-Ray Clusters as Tracers of the Supercluster-Void Network. I. Superclusters of Abell and X-Ray Clusters". The Astronomical Journal. 122 (5): 2222–2242. arXiv:astro-ph/0012536. Bibcode:2001AJ....122.2222E. doi:10.1086/323707. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 16129925.
  7. ↑ "Galaxies in the Universe: An Introduction - Sparke & Gallagher". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database.
  8. ↑ "The Density and Peculiar Velocity Fields of Nearby Galaxies - M.A. Strauss & J.A. Willick". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database.
  9. ↑ Woudt, Patrick A.; Kraan-Korteweg, Renee C. (2000). "Large-Scale Structures behind the Southern Milky Way in the Great Attractor Region". arXiv:astro-ph/0006126.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Courtois, Hélène M.; Pomarède, Daniel; Tully, R. Brent; Hoffman, Yehuda; Courtois, Denis (2013-08-14). "Cosmography of the Local Universe". The Astronomical Journal. 146 (3): 69. arXiv:1306.0091. Bibcode:2013AJ....146...69C. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/146/3/69. ISSN 0004-6256. S2CID 118625532.
  11. 1 2 Shaya, Edward J.; Tully, R. Brent; Pomarède, Daniel; Peel, Alan (2022-03-01). "Galaxy Flows within 8000 km s−1 from Numerical Action Methods". The Astrophysical Journal. 927 (2): 168. arXiv:2201.12315. Bibcode:2022ApJ...927..168S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac4f66. ISSN 0004-637X.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Pomarède, Daniel; Hoffman, Yehuda; Courtois, Hélène M.; Tully, R. Brent (2017-08-10). "The Cosmic V-Web". The Astrophysical Journal. 845 (1): 55. arXiv:1706.03413. Bibcode:2017ApJ...845...55P. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa7f78. ISSN 0004-637X.
  13. 1 2 3 Shaya, Edward J.; Tully, R. Brent; Hoffman, Yehuda; Pomarède, Daniel (2017-12-04). "Action Dynamics of the Local Supercluster". The Astrophysical Journal. 850 (2): 207. arXiv:1710.08935. Bibcode:2017ApJ...850..207S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa9525. ISSN 1538-4357.
  14. ↑ Fairall, Anthony P. (1998-01-01). "Large-scale structures in the universe". Large-Scale Structures in the Universe / Anthony P. Fairall. New York: Wiley. Bibcode:1998lssu.conf.....F.
  15. 1 2 Kraan-Korteweg, R. C.; Fairall, A. P.; Balkowski, C. (1995-05-01). "Extragalactic Large-scale structures behind the southern Milky Way.I. Redshifts obtained at the SAAO in the Hydra/Antlia extension". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 297: 617. arXiv:astro-ph/9411089. Bibcode:1995A&A...297..617K. ISSN 0004-6361.
  16. ↑ Kraan-Korteweg, R. C.; Cayette, V.; Balkowski, C.; Fairall, A. P.; Henning, P. A. (1994). "1994ASPC...67...99K Page 99". Unveiling Large-Scale Structures Behind the Milky Way. 67: 99. Bibcode:1994ASPC...67...99K. Retrieved 2023-09-03.
  17. ↑ Fairall, A. P. (1995). "Large-Scale Structures in the Distribution of Galaxies". Astrophysics and Space Science. 230 (1–2): 225. Bibcode:1995Ap&SS.230..225F. doi:10.1007/BF00658183.
  18. ↑ Tully, R. Brent; Courtois, Hélène; Hoffman, Yehuda; Pomarède, Daniel (2 September 2014). "The Laniakea supercluster of galaxies". Nature. 513 (7516) (published 4 September 2014): 71–73. arXiv:1409.0880. Bibcode:2014Natur.513...71T. doi:10.1038/nature13674. PMID 25186900. S2CID 205240232.
  19. ↑ Plionis, Manolis; Valdarnini, Riccardo (March 1, 1991). "Evidence for large-scale structure on scales about 300/h MPC". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 249 (March 1, 1991): 46–61. Bibcode:1991MNRAS.249...46P. doi:10.1093/mnras/249.1.46.
  20. ↑ Einasto, J.; Suhhonenko, I.; Liivamägi, L. J.; Einasto, M. (2019). "Evolution of superclusters in the cosmic web". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 623: A97. arXiv:1901.09378. Bibcode:2019A&A...623A..97E. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201834450.
  21. ↑ Dupuy, A.; Courtois, H. M. (2023). "Dynamic cosmography of the local Universe: Laniakea and five more watershed superclusters". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 678: A176. arXiv:2305.02339. Bibcode:2023A&A...678A.176D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346802.
  22. ↑ Valade, A.; Libeskind, N. I.; Pomarède, D.; Tully, R. B.; Hoffman, Y.; Pfeifer, S.; Kourkchi, E. (2024). "Identification of basins of attraction in the local Universe". Nature Astronomy. 8 (12): 1610. arXiv:2409.17261. Bibcode:2024NatAs...8.1610V. doi:10.1038/s41550-024-02370-0.

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hydra–Centaurus_Supercluster&oldid=1376039077"